When does toxicosis begin in pregnant women. At what week of pregnancy does toxicosis usually begin and how to deal with it in the early stages? At what stage of pregnancy does toxicosis begin?

No matter how desirable pregnancy is, it can be overshadowed by toxicosis (preeclampsia). This condition is characterized by bouts of nausea and vomiting, weakness, blurred vision, and sometimes loss of consciousness. It can pass in a couple of weeks, or it can stretch over a long period of months.

Sometimes nausea can be so frequent and severe that it becomes problematic for the expectant mother to even take pills, such as Duphaston or Magne B6, which are prescribed for many pregnant women.

In Soviet times, there was a practice of terminating a pregnancy if a woman vomited all the time for a long period of time. Now, fortunately, such methods of getting rid of toxicosis are no longer used, and studying the issue of the origin of preeclampsia and the invention of new methods of dealing with it helps many expectant mothers to more easily survive this period.

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Causes of toxicosis during pregnancy

The question of the causes of the development of toxicosis has not yet been fully studied. But doctors have every reason to believe that its manifestation and intensity directly depend on the amount of toxins in a woman's body.

However, there are other versions of the appearance of nausea and vomiting in the first weeks of pregnancy, so it makes sense to list them as possible culprits of preeclampsia:

• The reaction of the mother's body to hormonal failure. However, this theory cannot answer two questions: 1) why does the reaction occur only in the first weeks, if hormonal changes occur in the female body throughout pregnancy? 2) Why do not all women undergo such a reaction, because all hormonal failure occurs to the same extent?
• Psychological rejection of the new position, subconscious unwillingness to become a mother. But this version also has contradictions, because then it is completely unclear why severe toxicosis occurs in women who deliberately planned pregnancy and in whom conception occurred only after serious efforts.

There is an opinion among the people that by the presence and intensity of toxicosis during pregnancy, one can determine who will be: a boy or a girl. But doctors are skeptical about such a theory of nausea in the early stages.

When does toxicity start?

There are women who say that their nausea and vomiting began from the first days of conception. This, of course, is impossible. In the first week after fertilization, the level of hCG is still so low that it cannot cause such severe intoxication in the body.

Usually, expectant mothers begin to feel the first signs of preeclampsia at 3-4 weeks from conception. It starts differently for everyone. Someone experiences a feeling of nausea, which develops into vomiting after a few days.

For some, intoxication of the body is expressed immediately in the appearance of vomiting, which becomes more intense over time. From whatever week early toxicosis begins during pregnancy, should alert if from the first day it manifested itself in the form of frequent uncontrolled vomiting.

When does it end?

The end of preeclampsia, even in the same woman with different pregnancies, can happen at different times. Most often, a pattern is observed: the more intense the manifestations of vomiting, the longer the toxicosis lasts.

So, in women who experienced only a feeling of nausea and could eat more or less normally, preeclampsia lasts about 3-4 weeks and disappears without a trace. The situation is different for those expectant mothers who were forced to spend all day in the toilet and were not able to eat normally.

In such cases, toxicosis is prolonged and begins to gradually recede only by 12 weeks. In severe cases, toxicosis can completely end only at 15-16 weeks.

Signs of toxicity:

• Nausea, which is more intense in the morning and subsides in the evening.
• Vomiting, which begins immediately after waking and almost completely disappears during sleep.
• Reaction to smells.
• Dizziness and weakness. Often this condition occurs when a woman is in a stuffy room or has been in a motionless position for a long time.
• Aversion to certain kinds of food.

The severity of toxicosis

Each body reacts differently to pregnancy. Some people experience only mild nausea in the morning, while others are hospitalized due to incessant vomiting. Gynecologists distinguish three degrees of severity of toxicosis:

I degree

Preeclampsia is weakly expressed, nausea is determined, a reaction to certain odors and vomiting, which happens no more than 5 times a day. The general condition of the pregnant woman can be assessed as satisfactory. A woman can eat food and drink water.

II degree

A woman is disgusted with many types of food, a large number of smells invariably cause her an attack of nausea. Traveling in transport is complicated by vomiting, but vomiting itself, on average, happens no more than 10 times a day. A pregnant woman can consume food and water with some difficulty.

III degree

The condition of the woman begins to inspire fear in doctors. The patient has attacks of nausea even at the mere sight of any food. Vomiting occurs up to 25 times a day. A pregnant woman cannot eat, breaks in food can reach two days.

It becomes impossible to even drink water, which threatens a life-threatening condition - dehydration. The patient is relieved only when she lies down.

If toxicosis takes on a protracted character, then after 4 to 5 weeks it becomes difficult for a woman to move long distances on her own.

What is the danger of severe gestosis?

If toxicosis in the first trimester becomes painful, deprives the expectant mother of the opportunity to eat and drink enough water, then doctors must take emergency measures to stabilize her condition. Severe gestosis leads to the following negative consequences:

1. Weight loss. With grade III toxicosis, a woman can lose up to 10 kg of weight in 3 months.
2. Decrease in the level of hemoglobin in the blood.
3. Increased tone of the uterus. Frequent vomiting causes excessive tension in the abdominal muscles. The result is an effect similar to the swing of the press. This brings the uterus into tone and creates a threat of termination of pregnancy.
4. Danger of dehydration. Water has no smell and its appearance does not cause disgust in a pregnant woman. However, the ingress of liquid into the stomach still provokes vomiting.
5. The appearance of avitaminosis. Due to the impossibility of normal food intake, the body cannot replenish the reserves of vitamins and minerals.

How to deal with toxicosis in the early stages, what to do?

When signs of toxicosis appear during early pregnancy, the question invariably arises: how to deal with it? The gynecologist may recommend certain foods, prescribe medication, or admit the woman to a hospital.

Change in daily diet

If preeclampsia manifests itself only in attacks of nausea and rare cases of vomiting, then the doctor will recommend that you include in your daily diet foods that will be easily absorbed by the intestines: yogurt, kefir, vegetables, fruits.

Sometimes the pregnant woman herself determines what kind of food helps her cope with the feeling of nausea. So, many are saved by mints, lemons, oranges, apple juices, pickled cucumbers, sauerkraut.

Taking medications

Medications in this case are designed to cleanse the woman's body of toxins and toxins, as well as replenish the water-salt balance, which undergoes significant changes with constant vomiting.

For this purpose, the gynecologist prescribes Enterosgel and Regidron (less often - Cerucal). For a few days of taking these drugs, toxicosis of the II degree disappears.

• True, the taste of both Enterosgel and Regidron are such that their use can provoke a gag reflex.

Hospital treatment

With a severe degree of toxicosis, when dehydration becomes life-threatening for a pregnant woman, it is important to be placed in a hospital, where the patient will be prescribed intravenous droppers with glucose and other drugs that make up for the lack of fluid and nutrients in the body.

Usually such measures do not contribute to the cessation of vomiting. A woman can still go for hours without leaving the toilet, just now her body is forced to feed and be saturated with a sufficient amount of fluid.

Prevention

Since the causes that provoke toxicosis are not known for certain, it is difficult to judge the measures for its prevention. It is also difficult to predict whether the bearing of a child will be accompanied by nausea and vomiting, or whether the expectant mother will be lucky enough to have a pregnancy without toxicosis.

Until now, scientists have not been able to prove that preliminary vitamin therapy or a visit to a psychologist is guaranteed to relieve morning sickness, so today preeclampsia is treated symptomatically and is not prevented in any way.

• Cystitis during pregnancy - symptoms and treatment for ...

When the processes of adaptation of the female body to the onset of pregnancy are disrupted, a phenomenon called toxicosis occurs. This phenomenon is quite common. When the fetus develops, toxins and substances enter the woman's body that provoke poisoning of the mother's body, as a result of which symptoms of toxicosis appear. In the article, we will consider: when toxicosis begins, in what week, when toxicosis passes, you will learn about early toxicosis in early pregnancy and about late toxicosis.

The main signs of toxicosis include severe nausea, frequent vomiting, and strong salivation. In addition, toxicosis is manifested by bad mood, depression, weakness, drowsiness, irritability, as well as sudden weight loss. Sometimes toxicosis can be accompanied by more severe complications in the form of dermatoses, muscle cramps, softening of the bones, jaundice and bronchial asthma in pregnant women.

Causes of toxicosis during pregnancy

The true causes of toxicosis during pregnancy during the period of bearing a child in our time remain unexplored. It is impossible to absolutely accurately state the nature of the onset of symptoms of toxicosis.

But still, some causes of toxicosis can be identified:

1. Failure of the hormonal system. From the first seconds a woman becomes a mother-to-be, she begins to undergo cardinal changes in her hormonal system. Their composition is undergoing changes, and accordingly, the well-being of a woman, her mood also changes. Signs appear: irritability, resentment, tearfulness, nausea during pregnancy, the sense of smell is exacerbated. This is due to the fact that the mother's body accepts the child as a foreign body. But by the 12th week, the symptoms of toxicosis during pregnancy are gradually weakening.
2. Formation of the placenta. The fact is that when the process of placental development is completed, the placenta takes over all the functions of filtering harmful substances. In this regard, after 12 weeks, the well-being of the expectant mother improves. Until then, the filter function is performed by the female body.
3. The organism of the expectant mother triggers a protective reaction. In this case, toxicosis during pregnancy is even useful and biologically necessary. A pregnant woman feels nausea during pregnancy and the urge to vomit when smelling cigarettes, coffee, alcohol. Thus, the mother and fetus are protected from dangerous and harmful substances.
4. Chronic diseases. This is due to the fact that if the mother's immunity is weakened by bacterial or viral diseases, then this contributes to the appearance of toxicosis.
5. Neuropsychic stress. In the nervous system of a pregnant woman, cardinal changes occur and the areas of the brain responsible for the sense of smell and the work of the gastrointestinal tract are especially activated. Also, the cause of toxicosis can be stress, lack of sleep, irritability of the expectant mother. In addition, many pregnant women psychologically inspire themselves that they must have toxicosis, since everyone has it.
6. The age of the expectant mother. If pregnancy occurs after 30 years, and even more so if this is the first pregnancy or there were many abortions before, then it is much harder for a woman to endure toxicosis during pregnancy. Its manifestations are more intense than in younger women.
7. Genetic factors can also influence the occurrence of toxicosis. If in the previous generation someone suffered from toxicosis, then the risk of its occurrence increases.
8. Multiple pregnancy gives not only double or triple joy, but also intense manifestations of toxicosis. But it should be borne in mind that if a woman has overcome toxicosis in the early stages of pregnancy, then the risk of miscarriage is practically excluded, which is very important.

At what time does toxicosis occur during pregnancy?

Listening to your body and the unusual changes that occur in it, many women try to determine whether pregnancy has occurred or not. But none of them can say with 100% accuracy when toxicosis begins during pregnancy. It is customary for doctors to distinguish two types of toxicosis according to the timing of its appearance: early toxicosis and late toxicosis.

• Usually, early toxicosis during pregnancy begins from the first days of delayed menstruation and ends by the beginning of the second trimester, that is, approximately at 12-13 weeks. Although all cases are individual and there are no specific restrictions and frameworks in this matter.
• Late toxicosis during pregnancy begins at the beginning of the last third trimester, or even in the middle of the second. Late toxicosis during pregnancy is very dangerous for both the mother and the child. Modern studies have shown that late toxicosis during pregnancy is a serious disease of the whole organism, which is characterized by pathological changes in the work of the most important systems and organs. The reason for this is disturbances in the work of the nervous system, which provoke problems with the vascular system. As a result, the main symptoms of late toxicosis appear, which are manifested by vascular disorders and circulatory disorders: hypoxia occurs, brain functions change, metabolism, liver and kidney function are disturbed.

Why toxicosis causes nausea during pregnancy

The hormone progesterone underlies the onset of nausea during toxicosis. Hormones such as chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and prolactin also play an important role in the appearance of this unpleasant manifestation of toxicosis. But in all women, toxicosis during pregnancy manifests itself to varying degrees. This is due to the fact that the body of each woman is individual. The manifestations of nausea increase if a woman had problems with the gastrointestinal tract before pregnancy. Sharp changes in the acidity of the stomach, combined with fluctuations in the hormonal background, lead not only to nausea, but even to the occurrence of severe vomiting.

Problems in the work of the endocrine, nervous and immune systems of a pregnant woman also play an important role in the appearance of nausea during the period of toxicosis. In addition, a genetic factor should not be excluded. If the mother had toxicosis during pregnancy, then most likely the daughter will also suffer from its unpleasant manifestations.

If toxicosis during pregnancy began with manifestations of nausea, then vomiting, profuse salivation and heartburn will soon join them. Usually before the beginning of the second trimester, all these phenomena disappear.

Varieties of toxicosis during pregnancy

There are the following types of toxicosis: staphylococcal, evening, early toxicosis, late toxicosis, toxicosis before the delay of menstruation.

1. Staphylococcal toxicosis can be activated by enterotoxigenic strains. It appears a few hours after the last meal, which turned out to be contaminated. Symptoms of this type of toxicosis are cramping abdominal pain, vomiting and nausea. Neurological disorders, rash and fever are absent. Recovery occurs spontaneously within 12 hours.
2. Evening toxicosis may occur as a result of severe overwork, overexertion and insufficient food intake for the whole day. The body is depleted in the evening, and manifestations of toxicosis occur. This type of toxicosis disrupts normal sleep and rest. It is possible to overcome it if you take walks in the evening, fresh juice from sour fruits and vegetables.
3. Early toxicosis may appear at 1-14 weeks of gestation. Doctors advise to calmly perceive the manifestations of toxicosis. If the condition is quite severe, then the attending physician may prescribe remedies that will alleviate the condition of the pregnant woman. But it should be remembered that when you stop taking these drugs, the symptoms of toxicosis will immediately resume. It is better to use traditional medicine for this purpose. Moreover, it will not be so dangerous for the crumbs.
4. Late toxicosis during pregnancy, which proceeds without complications, usually does not manifest itself. But there are times when toxicosis is manifested by severe nausea and vomiting. If unfavorable factors are added, the symptoms of toxicosis increase, and a dangerous condition occurs, which is called preeclampsia. It is characterized by edema, protein in the urine, high blood pressure, weight gain is 400 grams in one week. In this case, the expectant mother should be immediately hospitalized in a hospital.
5. Toxicosis before the delay of menstruation. Sometimes nausea can develop immediately after conception. But that doesn't mean pregnancy is coming. Toxicosis can occur within a week after the development of the fetal egg.

How to get rid of nausea during pregnancy and is it possible?

Nausea during pregnancy brings little pleasant sensations, but it is possible and necessary to deal with toxicosis. You should follow simple recommendations to alleviate toxicosis during pregnancy:

• It is imperative to eat and avoid hunger, it is on an empty stomach that nausea during pregnancy is fully manifested;
• You need to have breakfast in bed without getting up. After eating, you need to lie down a bit;
• It is necessary to eat often and fractionally, overeating is strictly prohibited;
• Dishes prepared by frying should be excluded, smoked meats, salty and spicy foods should not be consumed;
• Do not make sudden movements or lean too far. Such movements can provoke vomiting;
• Eat what your body tells you to eat. Usually, pregnant women do not want to eat harmful and toxic foods;
• You should walk more often in the fresh air and ventilate the room;
• Do not eat too cold or hot dishes;
• Acidic foods are a good remedy for nausea during pregnancy;
• Bad habits such as smoking and drinking alcohol should be avoided. They are very harmful to the child, and in addition, they increase the manifestations of toxicosis;

Nausea during pregnancy usually resolves by the beginning of the second trimester. But there are times when nausea reappears at the beginning of the third trimester. Nausea and vomiting at the end of pregnancy are not normal. The child may suffer from nutritional deficiencies and impaired circulation. The reason for this is the growth of the uterus and the weakening of the peristalsis of the stomach. You should definitely notify your doctor about this. Since the causes of nausea are already completely different, and accordingly the treatment should be completely different.

When does toxicosis end during pregnancy

It is difficult to say exactly when the toxicosis ends and how long it lasts. It all depends on the individual characteristics of the woman herself. If we take into account the varieties: early toxicosis and late toxicosis, then early toxicosis during pregnancy, as already mentioned, passes by the second trimester, that is, at 12-14 weeks of gestation, and late toxicosis may appear in 2-3 trimesters and the time when it passes this toxicosis will vary depending on the cause of occurrence.

Vomiting during pregnancy - description and methods of combating vomiting

It is vomiting, which is accompanied by nausea, that are the first signs of toxicosis that accompanies pregnancy in many cases. It is worth remembering that vomiting usually goes away on its own, and there is no need for specialized treatment. But it is vomiting that American scientists consider to be a very favorable sign during pregnancy. They argue that vomiting that occurs during pregnancy indicates the normal course of an interesting position for a woman. It is those expectant mothers who have experienced manifestations of toxicosis in the form of nausea and vomiting, in most cases, carry the child very safely and childbirth takes place without complications. At the same time, in women who did not have symptoms of toxicosis, such a very unpleasant event as a miscarriage often occurs.

Toxicosis is a common condition of a pregnant woman. Toxicosis during pregnancy is accompanied by nausea, vomiting. This condition occurs due to the fact that the body is poisoned by toxins, harmful substances that are formed in pregnant women during the development of the fetus. Often women, having learned about their situation, begin to expect that nausea will soon begin. They listen to their body, but not everyone knows when it will begin.

Nausea is not recommended
pregnancy vomiting bad
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Experts note that an unpleasant condition is observed in a certain time period. Early toxicosis can begin already in the first days of delay or after the fifth or sixth week of pregnancy. Its duration is individual.

When toxicosis begins during pregnancy in the third trimester or in the middle of the second, this is considered late toxicosis. In the second trimester, it can be dangerous for the expectant mother and child.

Anxiety in the first trimester

Why poisoning of the body begins during pregnancy still makes many experts think, and this phenomenon has not been fully studied. But, nevertheless, there are some reasons that cause such a state of the body.

1. Changes in the hormonal system of a woman. From the very first moment, after fertilization has occurred in the female body, everything begins to change. The hormonal composition is changing - this affects the behavior, health, and well-being of a woman. Irritability, tearfulness, resentment may appear. The sense of smell is aggravated, which provokes toxicosis in the first trimester. In the first months of pregnancy, the female body accepts the fetus as a foreign object that needs to be disposed of. But over time, hormones stabilize, the body begins to calmly perceive the unborn child, and nausea stops.
2. Defensive reaction. When a woman refuses herself the usual things for her, products. There is a reaction to smells that previously could simply be ignored (the smell of coffee, cigarette smoke, fish, eggs, etc.). They can also be dangerous, contain pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, nausea, vomiting are symptoms of protecting the expectant mother and fetus.
3. Infections, diseases. If some diseases have not been completely cured, this can lead to a weakening of the immune system of the pregnant woman. And this, in turn, can cause toxicosis in the early stages.
4. The placenta develops. Vomiting and nausea exhausts the body at the initial stage of pregnancy until about 14 weeks. In the second trimester, it usually stops, and in the same period, the placenta completely completes its formation. Many functions to protect the body, including the retention of toxic substances, are the responsibility of the placenta. And at the time of its formation, the body independently copes with intoxication. Therefore, these processes are interconnected.
5. The age of the woman. Pregnancy that occurs after thirty years is considered dangerous. Especially if this is the first pregnancy. Toxicosis develops more than usual.
6. Multiple pregnancy. Since several embryos develop, all symptoms will be several times stronger. But for a woman who has undergone early toxicosis, the threat of miscarriage does not threaten.

Duration and symptoms of pathology

Each case during pregnancy associated with toxicosis is individual. Much depends on when it starts and when it ends. It is very difficult to name the exact period.

Nausea is the main symptom

Some experience mild signs of nausea, while others feel so bad that they have to go to the hospital. Usually, early toxicosis is observed in the first trimester and by the fourteenth week it stops. In the second trimester (under normal condition) of pregnancy, there are no signs of nausea. Resumption is possible only in the third trimester and lasts until the very birth. The duration of such an unpleasant condition may also depend on the state of health of the woman.

The most common manifestations of toxicosis are gag reflexes. The frequency of manifestation can be different, depending on the severity of toxicosis. There is an opinion that the more pronounced toxicosis during pregnancy, there is a greater chance of giving birth to a girl, and, conversely, the less this condition worries you, then most likely expect a boy.

There are different degrees of intensity of toxicosis.

1. The first degree is the easiest - the urge to vomit can begin up to five times. Vomiting can be on an empty stomach, after eating, sometimes accompanied by unpleasant odors. Weight can remain the same or no more than three kilograms are lost, that is, approximately 5% of the total body weight. This condition is easy to get rid of at home.
2. At the second stage - gag reflexes can be up to ten times a day. At the same time, salivation increases, the woman develops lethargy, the general condition worsens, apathy may be observed. During toxicosis, a large amount of fluid leaves with vomit and saliva, dehydration occurs, and metabolism is disturbed. The skin during this period of pregnancy may become dry, pale, and constipation may occur. Weight loss can be up to six kilograms in a few weeks.
3. In the third stage - the frequency and duration can reach up to twenty-five times a day. Weight loss can reach up to ten kilograms, while the pulse will be rapid.

Further actions of the woman

Many experts do not consider mild to moderate nausea and vomiting to be a painful condition for a woman. Often there are no threats to the health of the expectant mother and baby.

But with some symptoms, you still need to consult a doctor:

• severe vomiting more than eight times a day, the danger is caused by the fact that it can lead to severe weight loss;
• with severe vomiting, less urination occurs, urine is dark in color, dizziness appears;
• severe abdominal pain, colic;
• when, after eating, she vomits, and so on for twelve hours;
• lose more than three kilograms in a few weeks.

A pregnant woman is usually offered either hospitalization or home treatment in order to get rid of severe toxicosis. When severe dehydration occurs, a dropper is installed to restore salts and water in the body.

More fruits and vegetables

Absence of usual symptoms

If there is no toxicosis, is this normal or not? This question often arises in women in an interesting position. After all, vomiting and nausea are almost the main signs of pregnancy. And when no similar symptoms are observed, many begin to worry. The main thing is to know that women who are healthy, do not have chronic diseases - are practically not subject to unpleasant symptoms.

In the absence of other negative symptoms, this condition is quite normal. No need to worry and be nervous in advance. When there are no signs of toxicosis during pregnancy, and you are concerned about this issue, you need to contact a specialist in order to reassure yourself.

: Borovikova Olga

gynecologist, ultrasound doctor, geneticist

Gestational toxicosis, or toxicosis of pregnant women, is a condition that is characteristic of the period of bearing a child. This phenomenon is not considered an obligatory companion of pregnancy. But it often worries expectant mothers. Doctors define toxicosis as a pathology of gestation (gestation is the length of time from the first day of the last menstruation to delivery), linking it to the development of the fetal egg and placenta. And also with hormonal changes in the body of a woman and an increasing load on her organs as the fetus grows and develops. Is it necessary to treat toxicosis? And how to alleviate its symptoms in the early stages and in the second half of pregnancy?

Gestational toxicosis: definition and classification

The changes that occur in the body of the expectant mother in connection with the development of a new life, in one way or another, affect her well-being. Many consider toxicosis the norm. But it is a pathology of the course of pregnancy. And some women get a lot of trouble.

Toxicosis is a set of signs indicating a violation in the maternal organism of the processes of adaptation to pregnancy. It is manifested by functional disorders of the nervous and endocrine, immune and cardiovascular systems. Depending on the individual characteristics of each woman, age, medical history (presence of previous pregnancies, chronic diseases of the liver and kidneys, heart and blood vessels, etc.), it can be of varying severity and be accompanied by various symptoms.

In obstetrics, toxicosis during gestation is classified depending on the gestational age at which it manifests itself, as well as on the basis of the clinical picture. There are three types of it.

1. Early (popularly - morning sickness). When gestational complications develop in the first trimester - from the fifth to sixth (and for some, from the first day after conception) to the fourteenth to sixteenth week of pregnancy. Usually accompanied by nausea, vomiting, profuse salivation (hypersalivation).
2. Late. It can be observed from the twenty-sixth week of pregnancy until delivery (end of gestation) and proceed against the background of nephropathy, dropsy of pregnancy, arterial hypertension. Leads to pre-eclampsia (convulsions) and eclampsia - a dangerous condition that can cause premature birth and developmental disorders of the baby.
3. Rare clinical forms of gestational toxicosis. Their peculiarity is that they develop regardless of the gestational age. And they can have such clinical manifestations as dermatosis (skin rashes) and bronchial asthma, jaundice and osteomalacia (softening of bone tissue), convulsions, etc.

Toxicosis of pregnant women is called preeclampsia. But this term is usually used to refer to toxicosis of the second half of pregnancy or late. Toxic manifestations in the first trimester are called early toxicosis.

Early toxicosis

It would be erroneous to say that a pregnant woman must be sick. The absence of any signs of toxicosis in the future mother is the norm, and any reaction of the body to the attachment and development of the fetal egg in the uterus is a deviation from the norm. However, according to statistics, about 40% of pregnant women suffer from toxicosis in the early stages. Why is this happening? The development of pregnancy can be disrupted when a fertilized egg is identified by immune blood cells as a body that has entered the body from outside, and therefore harmful and subject to destruction.

For some, the body quickly rebuilds and ceases to see the embryo as a stranger that needs to be fought. Someone's immune system does not give up so easily, and everything is trying to reject a foreign body that is fixed in the uterus. It is these processes that are reflected by toxic manifestations - increased salivation and nausea.

The severity of toxicosis is established by laboratory tests of the blood and urine of the expectant mother. They determine the results of the interaction between the mother's organism and the embryo. An increased level of acetone (an indicator of intoxication) provokes nausea and vomiting. It is neutralized by glucose, the lowest content of which in the body is observed in the morning. Therefore, toxicosis most often worries expectant mothers in the morning. Or with overwork, when there is an increased consumption of energy (glucose).

Time must pass for the hormones to start working, the placenta to form, the fetus to take root and become firmly fixed, then the symptoms of intoxication will first weaken, then disappear altogether. Many experts associate the development of early toxicosis with the process of placental formation. The placenta is formed from 5-6 to 14-16 weeks of pregnancy - it is in these time frames that toxic manifestations are most often observed in expectant mothers. In the second trimester, they usually feel much better already. But then again, it's all very individual.
To determine the degree of toxic manifestations, the expectant mother donates blood and urine for the analysis of biochemical parameters

Reasons for development

Scientists all over the world continue to study the problem of early gestational toxicosis to this day, since not all questions have been answered by them. The mechanism of development of this pathology is still not fully understood. One thing is clear: if the mother's body perceives the fetal egg as a foreign object, it will synthesize substances to neutralize it, as in case of intoxication. Therefore, the symptoms of early toxicosis are similar to the symptoms of poisoning.

Doctors believe that the adaptation of a woman's body to pregnancy is disturbed due to the influence of many factors. And in each individual case, the causes of the development of toxicosis may be different.

1. Psychological mood. During pregnancy, the general well-being of the expectant mother largely depends on her psychological state. Toxicosis can develop after emotional upheaval, excessive mental or physical stress, if the child is unplanned or the mother, on the contrary, is too afraid of losing him. Someone thinks that toxicosis is an obligatory companion of pregnancy, and inspires it with the power of self-hypnosis. If we add to all this the physiologically justified activation during pregnancy of the centers of the brain responsible for the functioning of the systems of smell and digestion, then it becomes clear where nausea can come from in a completely healthy woman.
2. Poisoning of the mother's body by the waste products of the fetus. The formation of the placenta was mentioned above. It is she who is subsequently responsible for the metabolism between the mother and the fetus. In the meantime, the process of placental development is not completed, two organisms coexist directly, and the mother is responsible not only to provide the embryo with nutrients, but also to utilize and remove its waste products. Not always the body of a woman is able to cope with this task to the fullest. The reason for this may be:
   • any chronic disease of the liver or kidneys, stomach or intestines, thyroid or pancreas;
   • infections - acute and chronic;
   • insufficient fluid intake;
   • metabolic disorders, etc.
3. Hormonal reorganization. It is hormones that regulate the processes of placenta formation, embryo growth and development, delivery, lactation, etc. Immediately after fertilization of the egg, active secretion of female sex hormones begins, under the control of which pregnancy will proceed. This period is sometimes called a hormonal burst. Changes in the content of hormones in the blood can lead to emotional imbalance, nervous disorders, and nausea and vomiting are also possible. All symptoms gradually disappear as soon as the hormonal background in the body returns to normal. And this time, again, coincides with the onset of the second trimester of pregnancy.
4. Protective reflex. A change in taste preferences, rejection of certain products in a pregnant woman may be associated with a natural defense reaction, which is designed to protect the mother and child from harmful substances that enter the woman's body with food, drinks, air. That is why the expectant mother is sick of the smell of tobacco smoke and alcohol, that's why she cannot eat eggs and fish, fatty and fried, she is sick of coffee, chocolate, sweets. Nature has provided for everything. Women who lead an unhealthy lifestyle suffer from toxicosis much more often, and it is much more difficult for them than for those expectant mothers who monitor their diet and regularly visit a doctor.
5. Age and genetics. Not fundamental factors, but some regularity can be traced here. In too young mothers, toxicosis is due to the immaturity of body systems. The older the woman, the more likely she is to have any chronic diseases, and the higher the risk of developing toxicosis. This is especially true for those expectant mothers who became pregnant for the first time after the age of 30–35. Women whose mothers suffered from toxicosis during pregnancy can inherit this pathology. But not always - everything is individual here.
6. Second or multiple pregnancy. According to statistics, in about 70% of cases, if a woman suffered from toxicosis while carrying an older child (children), then subsequent pregnancies are accompanied by this phenomenon. Toxicosis can also be the result of an increased load on the mother's body during the gestation of a multiple pregnancy.

Signs of early toxicosis the day after unprotected sex or before a delay in menstruation, doctors tend to attribute to psychological reactions or manifestations of other pathological processes in a woman’s body that are not related to pregnancy (high blood pressure, food poisoning, etc.).

Toxicosis can be observed in any person after a hard day's work, as a result of moral and physical overwork - evening toxicosis. There is also staphylococcal toxicosis - when infected with pathogenic microflora, enterooxygenic strains, which, multiplying, poison the body with exotoxins.

In any case, if you find yourself in toxic manifestations, you should consult a doctor. Only a specialist can distinguish gestational toxicosis from its other types and prescribe adequate treatment.

Does toxicosis speak about the sex of the child

A popular sign says: if the expectant mother suffered from early toxicosis during pregnancy, then she will have a girl. To believe this statement or not is a personal matter for everyone. Scientists on this subject have their own opinion, supported by studies in which four thousand pregnant women took part with complaints of toxicosis in the first half of pregnancy. Among these women:

• 56% of those who subsequently had girls;
• 44% of those who gave birth to boys.

Of course, there is a slight preponderance towards girls, but it is so insignificant that such a ratio can hardly be called a regularity. So, this method of determining the sex of the unborn child cannot be called accurate.
Doctors are skeptical of the popular sign that determines the sex of the unborn child by whether a woman suffered from toxicosis during pregnancy

Degrees of toxic manifestations and symptoms

Early toxicosis to some extent affects the activity of the central nervous system (central nervous system) of the expectant mother. Hence among its manifestations:

• first of all, nausea and vomiting, which can cause lack of appetite, changes in eating habits, weight loss (sometimes significant);
• hypersalivation (salivation, ptyalism) - increased production of secretions by the salivary glands;
• "flies" in the eyes, loss of orientation and fainting;
• depression and irritability;
• migraines and drowsiness;
• lowering blood pressure (BP) and general weakness;
• an increase in the number of contractions of the heart muscle;
• increase in body temperature.

Depending on the intensity of its manifestations, toxicosis of the onset of pregnancy is of the first, second and third degree.

Table: classification of early toxicosis according to the severity of symptoms

In severe forms of toxicosis, there are also rare reactions in the form of:

• dermatosis - rashes and peeling on the skin, which may be accompanied by itching;
• impaired renal function, inflammatory processes in the organs of the urinary system;
• the development of bronchial asthma - edema of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, the development of bronchospasm;
• osteomalacia - when the bone substance softens as a result of a metabolic disorder in the body of a woman of important minerals (calcium, phosphorus);
• tetany - spastic muscle contractions;
• acute yellow atrophy of the liver - changes in liver cells and a decrease in its size.

Symptoms of toxicosis may be present during a missed pregnancy, as a result of poisoning a woman's body with decay products. Therefore, it is very important that the expectant mother registers at the antenatal clinic as early as possible and regularly visits the attending obstetrician-gynecologist for scheduled examinations.

When is hospitalization needed?

In most cases, early toxicosis proceeds without complications. If at the beginning of pregnancy a woman feels unwell, her treatment is limited to symptomatic therapy. Morning sickness and even vomiting no more than 2 times a day are considered acceptable - provided that the general condition of the expectant mother does not worsen, she does not lose weight, and attacks do not become more frequent.

But there are situations when toxicosis is severe and needs professional medical help. Hospitalization and treatment is necessary:

• with frequent debilitating bouts of vomiting;
• with rapid weight loss, accompanied by a decrease in blood pressure, an increase in heart rate (heart rate) and an increase in body temperature;
• with panic or depressive states that develop against the background of poor health and hormonal imbalance;
• with exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• with high levels of acetone in blood and urine tests.

In complicated clinical forms of toxicosis, additional diagnostics are carried out and treatment is prescribed depending on the etiology and severity of the pathology. In extremely rare cases, when toxicosis progresses despite therapeutic measures - acetonuria increases, body weight continues to decrease, tachycardia is pronounced, and the functions of the central nervous system in the expectant mother are impaired (the presence of adynamia, delirium, apathy or euphoria) - a decision can be made about termination of pregnancy for medical reasons.
Prevention of toxicosis, first of all, is close cooperation with the attending physician even before the moment of conception and, of course, throughout the entire period of gestation

Methods of treatment and correction

It is necessary or not necessary to treat toxicosis, the obstetrician-gynecologist determines in the antenatal clinic. To minimize toxicity in early pregnancy, he may recommend:

• review your menu and lifestyle;
• use individually selected (and approved by official medicine) folk remedies to relieve morning sickness;
• regularly monitor the level of glucose and acetone in the tests, which, if necessary, will allow you to correct the condition with the help of medications.

It is very important to properly tune in to pregnancy. Any inconvenience associated with bearing a baby is temporary. And everything will be fine for you. And you will not be like a friend or neighbor. No doubts and fears should bother the expectant mother - avoid stress and excessive physical exertion.

Lead a healthy lifestyle:

• observe the daily routine;
• Eat at least three hours before bedtime in the evening.
• get plenty of rest, but do not forget about moderate physical activity;
• walk outdoors;
• ventilate the apartment;
• observe the rules of personal hygiene;
• regularly undergo preventive examinations with a doctor.

Nutrition

Adhere to the principles of rational nutrition. Food should meet the body's needs for energy, vitamins and minerals. But at the same time be low in calories.

• give preference to natural products, while avoiding any chemical additives;
• observe the drinking regime - drink at least 2 liters of water per day;
• instead of carbonated drinks and coffee, drink fresh juices, fruit drinks, compotes, rosehip broth;
• exclude from the diet those foods that cause nausea in you - very often during pregnancy, women cannot tolerate milk;
• refrain from smoked and fatty, pickles and marinades;
• do not get carried away with sweets and flour products, replace them with fresh fruits and vegetables;
• food should enter the stomach warm, but not hot, so as not to irritate the mucous membrane;
• as a source of protein, you can eat boiled fish, lean meat, cottage cheese;
• include in the diet foods rich in vitamin B6 - nuts and seeds, legumes, avocados;
• eat fractionally - often, but little by little;

A light breakfast right in bed helps with morning sickness - you can put an apple or a banana on your bedside table in the evening, a few crackers or a handful of cookies. Snacking helps to increase blood sugar levels and reduce the content of acetone, which, in fact, causes nausea and vomiting.

Folk remedies

There are a great many folk remedies for combating early toxicosis. But to say that one or the other will definitely help you, no one will undertake. Here everything is individual. Listen to your feelings and do not forget to consult with your doctor about the possibility of using prescriptions.

A few tips to help you:

• with nausea, you can chew cumin seeds, dissolve in your mouth a slice of lemon (orange), a mint or basil leaf;
• drink tea with ginger - it has an antiemetic effect;
• try also mint, chamomile or green tea with lemon, cranberry or lingonberry juice, fresh apple juice, rosehip infusion or decoction;
• half a glass of water with a teaspoon of honey dissolved in it and a slice of lemon in the morning also improve well-being;
• rinsing the mouth with infusions of mint, chamomile, sage helps with profuse salivation;
• alkaline mineral water without gas also relieves the symptoms of morning toxicosis;
• you can just eat a teaspoon of honey in the morning.

Toxicosis tincture - recipe

Valerian, yarrow, mint, calendula relieve spasm, calm the nervous system, stimulate digestion, fight inflammation.

Ingredients:

• mint - dry raw materials - 2 tsp. (about 4 g);
• valerian - dry root - 1 tsp (2.5 g);
• calendula - dry flowers - 2 tsp (2 g);
• yarrow - dry raw materials, grass - 2 tsp. (3 g);
• water - boiling water - 400 ml.

Cooking.

1. Prepare herbal mixture.
2. Fill it with boiling water.
3. Leave covered for 30 minutes.
4. Strain, squeeze the raw material.

Infusion from toxicosis is taken in courses of 25 days. Break between courses - 10-15 days. Drink 2-3 tbsp. l. 5-6 times a day. Remember: the effectiveness of any remedy for toxicosis is a relative concept. Some recipes help someone, others others, there is no panacea for morning sickness.

Photo gallery: traditional medicine for toxicosis

Many mothers feel better if they drink water with honey and lemon on an empty stomach in the morning Alkaline mineral water without gas normalizes the water-salt balance in the body Chamomile soothes nausea, activates digestion
Sage infusion can rinse the mouth with profuse salivation A slice of lemon can be chewed, or added to tea Someone will feel better from a teaspoon of honey eaten on an empty stomach Ginger root helps very well with toxicosis - as an additive to tea or chewed Mint can be added to tea, or you can chew the leaves in the morning Cumin seeds - for morning sickness, you need to slowly chew a pinch of cumin seeds until the condition improves

traditional medicine

Treatment of toxicosis of pregnant women involves an integrated approach and the use of the safest methods and means. With a mild course of pathology, symptomatic therapy is prescribed. In its severe forms, medications are connected, immunocytotherapy is carried out - an invasive method of treating toxicosis, when the lymphocytes of the child's father are injected into the forearm of the pregnant woman. Homeopathy and aromatherapy have proven themselves well. To calm and restore the nervous system, physiotherapy and herbal medicine can be prescribed.

Medications prescribed for gestational toxicosis:

• Valerian (infusion or tablets) - calms the nervous system, relieves spasm, normalizes the work of the heart muscle;
• No-shpa (Drotaverine) - relieves spasm, has an analgesic effect;
• vitamin and mineral complexes - replenish the reserves of useful substances in the body of the expectant mother;
• Enterosgel - enterosorbent, absorbs and removes harmful substances from the body;
• Cerucal - antiemetic;
• Essentiale - restores the structure and function of the liver;
• Magnesia - relieves convulsions, dilates blood vessels, normalizes heart rate, relaxes, helps to remove excess fluid from the body.

Photo gallery: drugs for toxicosis for pregnant women

Elevit vitamin complex for pregnant women Essentiale restores liver function No-shpa relieves spasm and pain syndrome Cerucal antiemetic Enterosgel removes harmful substances from the body Valerian tincture calms, relaxes, normalizes the activity of the central nervous system

Some future mothers resort to the treatment of toxicosis with non-traditional methods - hypnosis, acupuncture, acupressure. The impact of these techniques on the body has not yet been studied enough, and therefore most doctors treat them with caution.

Video: what to do with nausea in early pregnancy - expert advice

What is gestosis

Preeclampsia - toxicosis of the second half of pregnancy - a pathology of gestation, manifested not only by nausea, vomiting, loss of orientation, visual disturbances, but also by increased blood pressure, swelling, excessive weight gain, nephropathy, often leading to preeclampsia and eclampsia (convulsive seizures that become cause fetal hemorrhage).

Late toxicosis poses a real threat to pregnancy. It develops against the background of chronic diseases of the expectant mother, dysfunction of organs and systems due to increased load on them. With preeclampsia, vascular permeability increases, the blood thickens, oxygen and nutrients cease to flow to the fetus in sufficient quantities. This leads to oxygen starvation and the development of fetaplacental insufficiency, malnutrition in the baby. If late toxicosis is not diagnosed on time and not treated, it can cause premature delivery.

Only a doctor can detect the development of preeclampsia in a pregnant woman. In the initial stages, the pathology makes itself felt only by a rapid weight gain. Therefore, it is very important to take tests regularly and not to miss scheduled examinations by a gynecologist. Protein in the urine can be an alarming sign of late toxicosis. The sooner treatment is started, the more likely it is to carry the pregnancy to term and give birth to a healthy baby.
An increase in blood pressure is one of the characteristic symptoms of late toxicosis.

From personal experience! There are situations when a woman does not observe symptoms of toxicosis in the first half of pregnancy, but suffers from preeclampsia in the third trimester. That's what happened to me. I was glad that morning sickness had passed me. But in the second trimester, she began to gain weight more than normal. I started getting headaches from time to time. The gynecologist said that because of the increased pressure - it was 140 to 90 mm Hg. Art. Was in storage at 28 weeks. I took Papazol, Magnesia, and I was given droppers. I drank fruit drinks, infusion of wild rose. She was discharged from the hospital, but continued treatment at home. Pregnancy reached 37 weeks. Due to the high pressure, the waters broke, and I had to induce labor. She gave birth herself (not caesarean), but on a drip and with epidural anesthesia. The son was born 2 kg 600 g, with a diagnosis of IUGR (intrauterine growth retardation) - the doctors said that these were the consequences of preeclampsia. He suffered from functional jaundice. But by 4 months he was already a strong butuz. As you can see, there is no need to be afraid of gestosis. It is necessary to cooperate with the attending physician in the LCD, follow his recommendations and not resist when you are sent to be kept in a hospital. This is done only for your good and for the good of your baby.

Possible consequences and complications of toxicosis

Toxicosis cannot be called useful or safe for the fetus. This is a violation of the course of pregnancy, which in one way or another affects both the well-being of the mother and the development of the baby. If the expectant mother does not have toxicosis, this is an absolute norm - it means that her body has accepted the pregnancy and has perfectly adapted to the new state. And toxicosis, like any other pathology, if it passes, then, alas, not without a trace. It all depends on the form and severity of toxic manifestations.

Among the consequences and complications of severe forms of gestational toxicosis:

• dehydration, weight loss;
• hypo- or beriberi, demineralization of the body;
• violation of the water-salt balance and metabolic processes, the functions of the nervous, cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine systems;
• intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR);
• miscarriage or premature birth;
• abortion for medical reasons.

Thanks to timely diagnosis and properly selected treatment, doctors manage to correct and control even the most non-standard manifestations of toxicosis of pregnant women. That allows to reduce the number of its complications to a minimum.

Toxicosis of pregnant women is early and late. These are two separate conditions - each with its own signs, causes, consequences, treatment. Early toxicosis can accompany the expectant mother in the first trimester, during the hormonal changes in the body. In this case, toxic manifestations need only symptomatic correction and disappear on their own by the middle of the term. Severe forms of early toxicosis requiring serious therapy are very rare. But there is also gestosis - late toxicosis, when a woman's health worsens in the third trimester. It arises as a result of increased stress on the body associated with the growth and development of the fetus in the mother's womb. Late toxicosis without fail requires treatment in a hospital.

Sometimes a pregnancy is interrupted by a deplorable outcome - a miscarriage. It is difficult for a woman to come to terms with the loss of a baby, and she wants to get pregnant again as soon as possible. And of course, she wants to understand why ...

Discharge in early pregnancy can cause concern for the expectant mother. However, they do not always carry a health hazard, so they should not cause fear. New…

When does toxicosis begin and end during pregnancy

The timing of toxicosis is very individual and depends on the state of health of each woman. The first trimester of pregnancy can be complicated by early morning sickness and associated nausea and vomiting. The last trimester is dangerous for the development of late toxicosis.
Toxicosis is a complex of body reactions to violations of the normal process of pregnancy. In fairness, it should be noted that most pregnant women experience its symptoms to one degree or another. And such manifestations as nausea and vomiting have acquired the status of classic signs of pregnancy.

The nature of toxicosis is multifaceted. The reaction of the body to the development of a new life in it comes from the nervous system, from the immune system. The hormonal background changes, and the work of internal organs is radically rebuilt.

Early toxicosis

Most expectant mothers and those women who are just planning a pregnancy are wondering how long toxicosis begins and when it ends. Usually, the first signs of pathology appear by the time of a delay in menstruation. During this period, hormonal changes in the body are actively taking place. The level of progesterone rises, which is responsible for the safety of pregnancy throughout all 9 months. Progesterone has a relaxing effect on the uterus, reducing its muscle tone. A side effect of this process is a decrease in tone and a slowdown in the functioning of the organs of the gastrointestinal tact.

At this point, a woman may experience morning sickness and even vomiting for the first time. In addition, increased salivation is a fairly common occurrence. Toxicosis start and end dates are dependent on the body of each individual woman. The duration and severity of the pathology are directly related to the lifestyle and health of the woman.

There is no single answer to the question how long toxicosis lasts during pregnancy. We can only say that in most cases everything starts at 4-5 weeks. That is, approximately at the moment when it becomes known that the pregnancy has come. Early toxicosis ends by the time the hormonal background stabilizes. This usually happens at 12-14 weeks of pregnancy.

If toxicosis lasts more than 10 weeks, that is, continues to bother women after the 15th week of pregnancy, this is a clear reason to see a doctor.

How to deal with the symptoms of toxicosis and how to behave

Many believe that nature does nothing for nothing. Any manifestation of toxicosis can serve as a signal that something needs to be changed. If a pregnant woman experiences moderate toxicosis, it will be possible to smooth out its manifestations by correcting lifestyle and diet.

The undoubted benefit to the unborn child and a tangible reduction in discomfort will ensure the restoration of normal blood flow. To do this, you need to allocate time every day for physical activity in the fresh air. Both factors are important here - fresh air and movement. The blood will circulate more actively, be saturated with oxygen and properly provide nutrition not only for the unborn child, but also for all the organs of the expectant mother.

In a natural way, intestinal motility will increase, and appetite will appear. Toxicosis in the early stages signals which products the body needs now, and which ones will be harmful. Usually attacks of nausea are caused by fast food from stores, fried, spicy. Toxicosis in pregnant women will also naturally help determine the diet. It is probably preferable to eat small meals. For some, morning sickness will make you eat an apple without getting out of bed, but for some, gymnastics (if there is no threat of termination of pregnancy) or a walk in the fresh air before breakfast will be the best solution.

It is important for a woman to always remember that the well-being of her unborn child depends entirely on her well-being. This is especially important in the first weeks of pregnancy, when all the organs and systems of the unborn baby are formed. At this stage, any failures are too expensive. That is why it is necessary to pay attention not so much to the symptoms of toxicosis as to monitor the general condition of the body. If, against the background of early toxicosis, there is a complete loss of appetite, weight loss, a woman feels constant fatigue and craving for sleep - this is a reason not only to change habits, but also to immediately consult a doctor.